Postmodernism and its Most Prominent Foundations in Western Thought: A Critical S tudy

Abstract

Western thought has a clear impact on Arab and Islamic arena. Western ideas, philosophies, and visions have an impact on the world today. Therefore, this research addresses and identifies the concept of postmodernism, and its most prominent characteristics that distinguished this philosophy, as well as the most prominent foundations that resulted from it, and which led to the transformations that took place in the contemporary world today, from solidity and stability to fluidity and permanent change, and from certainty to suspicion, and from Optimism into nihilism, and these great transformations that occurred in the history of Western thought led to the production and foundations of relativism, which became a feature of postmodernism, as the truth and the tendency to uncertainty and uncertainty were undermined, and it became a saying that there is no single fixed measure of right and wrong, which is the most prominent statement in This thought, and as a result of it, all mental and cognitive axioms were questioned, such as religion, man, beauty, the universe, politics, history and so on. The feature of nihilism also emerged as one of the most prominent features of this thought, as the absurdity, darkness and loss of meaning made life a general feeling and perception about this world, and this feeling we find. According to most postmodern philosophers in their writings, the characteristic of deconstruction came as a given that the philosophers of this thought relied on to deconstruct the certain axioms and knowledge that are central and stable, and these foundations were generalized to include Ga Political, economic, social, cognitive, and other aspects.